Important Inventors & their Inventions (Inventors name in alphabetical order-L)

Important Inventors & their Inventions (Inventors name in alphabetical order-L)

1. Dmitry Lachinov, (1842–1902), Russia – mercury pump, economizer for electricity consumption, electrical insulation tester, optical dynamometer, photometer, elecrolyser
2. René Laënnec, (1781–1826), France – stethoscope
3. Lala Balhumal Lahuri, (c. 1842), Mughal India – seamless globe and celestial globe
4. Georges Lakhovsky, (1869–1942), Russia/U.S. – Multiple Wave Oscillator
5. Hedy Lamarr, (1913–2000), Austria and U.S. – Spread spectrum radio
6. Edwin H. Land, (1909–1991), U.S. – Polaroid polarizing filters and the Land Camera
7. Samuel P. Langley, (1834–1906), U.S. – bolometer 
8. Irving Langmuir, (1851–1957), U.S. – gas filled incandescent light bulb, hydrogen welding
9. Lewis Latimer, (1848–1928), U.S. – Invented the modern day light bulb
10. Gustav de Laval, (1845–1913), Sweden – invented the milk separator and the milking machine
11. Semyon Lavochkin, (1900–1960), Russia – La-series aircraft, first operational surface-to-air missile S-25 Berkut

12. John Bennet Lawes, (1814–1900), UK – superphosphate or chemical fertilizer
13. Nikolai Lebedenko, Russia – Tsar Tank, the largest armored vehicle in history
14. Sergei Lebedev, (1874–1934), Russia – commercially viable synthetic rubber
15. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, (1632–1723), Netherlands – development of the microscope
16. Jerome H. Lemelson, (1923–1997), U.S – Inventions in the fields in which he patented make possible, wholly or in part, innovations like automated warehouses, industrial robots, cordless telephones, fax machines, videocassette recorders, camcorders, and the magnetic tape drive used in Sony's Walkman tape players.
17. Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir, (1822–1900), Belgium – internal combustion engine, motorboat
18. R. G. LeTourneau, (1888–1969), U.S. – electric wheel, motor scraper, mobile oil drilling platform, bulldozer, cable control unit for scrapers 
19. Willard Frank Libby, (1908–1980), U.S. – radiocarbon dating
20. Justus von Liebig, (1803–1873), Germany – nitrogen-based fertilizer
21. Otto Lilienthal, (1848–1896), Germany – hang glider
22. Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist, (1862–1931), Sweden – Kerosene stove operated by compressed air
23. Hans Lippershey, (1570–1619), Netherlands – telescope
24. Lisitsyn brothers, Ivan Fyodorovich and Nazar Fyodorovich, Russia – samovar (the first documented makers)
25. William Howard Livens, (1889–1964), UK – chemical warfare – Livens Projector.
26. Alexander Lodygin, (1847–1923), Russia – electrical filament, incandescent light bulb with tungsten filament
27. Mikhail Lomonosov, (1711–1765), Russia – night vision telescope, off-axis reflecting telescope, coaxial rotor, re-invented smalt (data by facebook/cnaonweb)
28. Yury Lomonosov, (1876–1952), Russia/United Kingdom – first successful mainline diesel locomotive
29. Aleksandr Loran, (1849 – after 1911), Russia – fire fighting foam, foam extinguisher
30. Oleg Losev, (1903–1942), Russia – light-emitting diode, crystadine
31. Archibald Low, (1882–1956), Britain – Pioneer of radio guidance systems
32. Auguste and Louis Lumière, France – Cinématographe
33. Gleb Lozino-Lozinskiy, (1909–2001), Russia – Buran (spacecraft), Spiral project
34. Ignacy Łukasiewicz, (1822–1882), Poland – modern kerosene lamp
35. Giovanni Luppis, (1813–1875), Austrian Empire (ethnical Italian) – self-propelled torpedo
36. Ali Kashmiri ibn Luqman, (fl.1589–1590), Mughal India – seamless globe and celestial globe
37. Arkhip Lyulka, (1908–1984), Russia – first double jet turbofan engine, other Soviet aircraft engines

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Important Abbreviations— Banking (in alphabetical order—F)

Important Abbreviations— Banking (in alphabetical order—F)

F/G— Father and Guardian 
F10— Form 10 
FABL— Faysal Bank Limited 
FABM— First Allied Bank Modaraba 
FB— Forward Booking 
FB— Funds Book 
FBCH— First Banking Corporation Holdings 
FBCH— Future Bank Corp Holdings 
FBE— Fédération Bancaire de l'union Européenne 

FBN— First Bank of Nigeria 
FBO— Federal Business Opportunities 
FBR— Federated Banking of Rochester 
FBT— Farmers Bank & Trust Company 
FC— Fitness Certificate 
FC— Forward Contract 
FCB— Freeport City Bank 
FCMB— First City Monument Bank 
FCNR— Foreign Currency Non-Resident 
FD— Fixed Deposit 
FD— Flexi Deposit 
FDI— Foreign Direct Investment 
FDR— Fixed deposit receipt 
FFA— framework financing agreement 
FFRLC— Fully Funded Revolving Letter of Credit 
FGIC— Financial Guaranty Insurance Company 
FHLB— Federal Home Loan Bank 
FI— financial institution
FI— Financial Intermediary 
FIAR— Financial Improvement Audit Readiness 
FIAU— Financial Intelligence Analysis Unit 
FIDO— Financial Institution Domestic Operations 
FIMB— First Interstate Merchant Bank Nigeria, Limited 
FIT— Funds in Transit 
FNB— First National Bank 
FNBO— First National Bank of Omaha 
FNC— First National City Bank of New York 
FNCB— First National City Bank 
FNF— Fidelity National Financial 
FO— Foreign Office 
FOBC— Foreign Outward Bills for Collection 
ForS— Former or Survivor 
FPA— Fixed Permanent Allowance 
FRC—Final Rectification Certificate 
FRF— French Franc
FRS— Federal Reserve System 
FS— Financial Service 
FSB— Farmers State Bank 
FSB— Federal Savings Bank 
FSB— Financial Stability Board 
FSLIC— Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation 
FT— Funds Transfer 
FWBL— First Women Bank Limited 
FX— Foreign Exchange 
FY— Financial Year 
FY— fiscal year

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Important Facts about Earth

Important Facts about Earth

Total Surface Area— 510,064,472 sq km
Total Land Area— 148,940,000 sq km (29.2% of Planet Earth's surface)
Total Water Area— 361,132,000 sq km (70.8% of Planet Earth's surface)
Total Population— 7.04 billion
Total Weight— 5.9722 × 1024 Kg
Total Volume— 1.08321×1012 km3
Total Age— 4.54 billion years
Surface Gravity— 32.041 ft/s2
Distance from Moon— 384,403 kmWorld Map

Distance from Sun— 150 million km
Equatorial Radius— 6,378.1 km
Mean Radius— 6,371.0 km
Polar Radius— 6,356.8 km
Orbiting Speed— 29.78 km/s
Orbiting Time— 365.256363004 days
Surface Temperature— -88/5(min/max)°C
Orbit Size around Sun— 92,956,050 miles (Semi Major Axis)
Period of Rotation— 23.934 hours
Speed of Rotation— 1670 km/hr
Distance from nearest Planet— 38 million km from Venus
Total Continent— 7 (Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia,Antarctica)
Total Ocean— 5 ( Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic )
UN Recognized Countries— 193
Total Seas— 137
Primary Tectonic Plates— 8 (African, Antarctic, Australian, Eurasian, Indian, North American, Pacific, South American)
Largest Continent— Asia, 43,820,000 sq km (29.5% of total World landmass)
Smallest Continent— Australia, 9,008,500 sq km
Largest Country— Russia, 17,098,242 sq km
Smallest Country— Vatican City - 0.44 sq km
Largest Ocean— The Pacific Ocean - 155,557,000 sq km
Smallest Ocean— Arctic, 14,056,000 sq km
Highest Mountain— Mount Everest, 29,029 ft - Nepal
Longest River— The Nile - 6,650 km
Largest Lake— The Caspian Sea - 371,000 sq km
Average Life Expectancy— 67.2 years

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Productivity Linked Bonus for Railway Employees

Productivity Linked Bonus for Railway Employees

The Union Cabinet today approved the proposal of the Ministry of Railways for payment of Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) equivalent to 78 days wages for the financial year 2012-13 for all eligible non-gazetted railway employees. PLB equivalent to 78 days wages will be paid as a special case considering the good financial performances which is expected to motivate employees. The Gross Traffic Receipt (GTR) during 2012-13 is Rs. 1.24 lakh crore showing an increase of 18.85 per cent against GTR of Rs. 1.04 crore during 2011-12. This increase of GTR was 10.13 per cent during 2011-12 as against 2010-11 and 8.71 per cent during 2010-11 as against 2009-10. The financial implication is estimated to be Rs. 1043.43 crore. The wage calculation ceiling prescribed for payment of PLB to eligible non-gazetted railway employees is Rs. 3500/- per month. The payment of PLB to eligible railway employees is made each year before the Dusshera / Puja holidays. About 12.37 lakh non-gazetted railway employees all over the country are likely to benefit. Background:  The Railways were the first departmental undertaking of the Government of India where the concept of PLB was introduced. The PLB Scheme for the Railways came into force from 1979-80 on wards and was evolved in consultation with the two recognized federations, that is the All India Railwaymen`s Federation and National Federation of Indian Railwaymen. The scheme envisages a review every three years. Source : PIB (Release ID :99850)

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CCL (LTC) RULES

CCL (LTC) RULES : CLICK HERE

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Dearness Relief to Pensioners from July, 2013 - Order Issued

F. No. 42/13/2012-P&PW(G)

Government of India

Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions

Department of Pension & Pensioners' Welfare

3rd Floor, Lok Nayak Bhavan,

Khan Market, New Delhi - 110003

Date: 3rd Oct, 2013

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

Subject: Grant of Dearness Relief to Central Government pensioners/family pensioners - Revised rate effective from 1.7.2013.

The undersigned is directed to refer to this Department's OM No.42/13/2012-P&PW(G) dated 2nd May, 2013 on the subject mentioned above and to state that the President is pleased to decide that the Dearness Relief (DR) payable to Central Government pensioners/family pensioners shall be enhanced from the existing rate of 80 % to 90%0 w.e.f. 1stJuly, 2013.

2. These orders apply to (i) All Civilian Central Government Pensioners/Family Pensioners (ii) The Armed Forces Pensioners, Civilian Pensioners paid out of the Defence Service Estimates, (iii) All India Service Pensioners (iv) Railway Pensioners and (v) The Burma Civilian pensioners/family pensioners and pensioners/families of displaced Government pensioners from Pakistan, who are Indian Nationals but receiving pension on behalf of Government of Pakistan and are in receipt of ad-hoc ex-gratia allowance of Rs. 3500/- p.m. in terms of this Department's OM No. 23/1/97-P&PW(B) dated 23.2.1998 read with this Department's OM No. 23/3/2008-P&PW(B) dated 15.9.2008.

3. Central Government Employees who had drawn lump sum amount on absorption in a PSU/Autonomous body and have become eligible to restoration of 1/3rd commuted portion of pension as well as revision of the restored amount in terms of this Department's OM No. 4/59/97-P&PW (D) dated 14.07.1998 will also be entitled to the payment of DR @ 90% w.e.f. 1.7.2013 on full pension i.e. the revised pension which the absorbed employee would have received on the date of restoration had he not drawn lump sum payment on absorption and Dearness Pension subject to fulfillment of the conditions laid down in para 5 of the O.M. dated 14.07.98. In this connection, instructions contained in this Department's OM No.4/29/99-P&PW (D) dated. 12.7.2000

refer.

4. Payment of DR involving a fraction of a rupee shall be rounded off to the next higher rupee. 

5. Other provisions governing grant of DR in respect of employed family pensioners and re-employed Central Government Pensioners will be regulated in accordance with the provisions contained in this Department's OM No. 45/73/97-P&PW (G) dated 2.7.1999 as amended vide this Department's OM No. F. No. 38/88/2008-P&PW(G) dated 9th July, 2009. The provisions relating to regulation of DR where a pensioner is in receipt of more than one pension, will remain unchanged.

6. In the case of retired Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, necessary orders will be issued by the Department of Justice separately.

7. It will be the responsibility of the pension disbursing authorities, including the nationalized banks, etc. to calculate the quantum of DR payable in each individual case.

8. The offices of Accountant General and Authorised Public Sector Banks are requested to arrange payment of relief to pensioners etc. on the basis of these instructions without waiting for any further instructions from the Comptroller and Auditor General of India and the Reserve Bank of India in view of letter No. 528-TA, II/34-80-11 dated 23/04/1981 of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India addressed to all Accountant Generals and Reserve Bank of India Circular No. GANB No. 2958/GA-64 (ii) (CGL)/81 dated the 21st May, 1981 addressed to State Bank of India and its subsidiaries and all Nationalised Banks.

9. In their application to the pensioners/family pensioners belonging to Indian Audit and Accounts Department, these orders issue after consultation with the C&AG.

10. This issues with the concurrence of Ministry of Finance, Department of Expenditure conveyed vide their OM No. 1(4)/EV/2004 dt. 1st Oct, 2013.

11. Hindi version will follow.

sd/-

(Charanjit Taneja)

Under Secretary to the Government of India

Source: pensionersportal.gov.in

[ccis.nic.in/WriteReadData/CircularPortal/D3/D03ppw/DR_031013.pdf]

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Proposal for merger of ASP cadre with PS Gr. B cadre - IP/ASP CHQ News:

All are aware that recently GS, CHQ President, CHQ Treasurer, OGS-II and CS WB Circle met with Member (P), DDG (Estt) and discussed the pending issues including merger of IP/ASP cadre.  During the course of discussion it was apprised to the administration that copy of the resolution passed in AIC Bangalore on merger issue was submitted to Directorate on 22/2/2012. Thereafter officers dealing our case asked this Association to submit a fresh proposal of merger of IP/ASP cadre immediately. The essence of the scheduled meetings at different level remains that association have to accept merger of ASPs to IPs and ASPs to PS Group “B” in a given ratio by surrendering gazetted status, ASPs presently enjoying. 

Now, time has come that we have to think with some broad mind. As such arguable proposal from our side should consist of upgradation of all the divisions to class-I having one or two posts of PS Group “B” with independent powers by up-gradating the existing post of ASP(HQ) to SP(HQ) and conversion of all the sub divisions to that of IPs in the GP of Rs.4600/- making them comparable with Inspectors in CBDT/ CBEC after merger of remaining posts of ASP to that of IPs. Where posts of OS exist that should also be upgraded to SP (HQ) or Dy SP. It will also be proposed that all post of ASPs presently held in Circles and Regions be upgraded to the level of Asstt. Directors. The post of IP (CO/RO) can be retained as it is. 
The IP cadre will be benefited in the following way:

1.                   GP of Rs.4600/- at entry stage.

2.                   First MACP in GP of Rs. 4800/-(direct recruits)  & 2nd for promotee after 10 years service in IP cadre

3.                   Next promotion in PS Group “B’” in GP of Rs 4800/- after 16-17 years but without financial benefit.

4.                   2nd MACP in the GP of Rs.5400/- after 20 years in IP cadre. Thus, the IP having total 26 years of service can get 5400/- which today we are not getting even after 34 years of service even if inducted to IP cadre after rendering 6 years service in PA cadre.

5.                   3rd MACP in GP of Rs.5400/- in PB-3(direct recruits).  

6.                   Upgradation of PSG “B” to JTS and ASP(HQ) to SP(HQ)

7.                   In 6th cadre review of IPos, it is learnt that few STS posts would be down graded to JTS.

The Circle wise IP/ASP posts are furnished herewith for kind information.
 

Postal Divisions

Sl. No.	Circle	ASP Dn	ASP (HQ)	IP (C)	IP (OS)	ASP Sub Dn	IP Sub Dn	ASP in HSG - I posts	Total
									ASP	IP
1.	Andhra Pradesh	29	40	42	5	63	130	4	136	177
2.	Assam	7	9	9	-	6	35	4	26	44
3.	Bihar	7	20	22	3	18	78	6	51	103
4.	Chhattisgarh	5	4	4	1	6	27	1	16	32
5.	Delhi	4	7	9	-	13	-	5	29	09
6.	Gujarat	14	25	25	1	34	69	7	80	95
7.	Haryana	2	8	9	5	12	19	2	24	33
8.	Himachal Pradesh	8	2	5	4	8	26	1	19	35
9.	J & K	2	6	2	-	7	12	-	15	14
10	Jharkhand	3	6	7	1	9	23	3	21	31
11	Karnataka	24	31	19	-	40	88	8	103	107
12	Kerala	14	24	23	-	28	47	8	74	70
13	M.P	8	21	20	7	25	71	4	58	98
14	Maharashtra	20	41	37	4	69	75	18	148	116
15	North East	1	4	7	-	6	25	1	12	32
16	Orissa	13	14	15	4	22	66	3	52	85
17	Punjab	2	9	13	4	22	25	3	36	42
18	Rajasthan	11	21	24	3	33	68	3	68	95
19	Tamil Nadu	23	47	39	-	68	88	18	156	127
20	Uttarakhand	3	6	7	1	9	26	3	21	34
21	Uttar Pradesh	25	32	42	10	59	131	19	135	183
22	West Bengal	13	30	27	-	39	73	16	98	100
	Total	238	407	407	53	596	1202	137	1378	1662

  

RMS Divisions

Sl. No.	Circle	ASP Dn	ASP (HQ)	IP (OS)	ASP Sub Dn	IP Sub Dn	ASP in Mail Office/ TMO	IP in Mail office/ TMO	ASP in HSG I	Total
										ASP	IP
1.	Andhra Pradesh	5	2	1	2	10	9	-	-	18	11
2.	Assam	3	1	1	2	5	-	-	-	6	6
3.	Bihar	2	3	3	2	9	11	5	-	18	17
4.	Chhatisgarh	1	-	-	-	1	1	2	-	2	3
5.	Delhi	8	3	-	2	1	7	14	4	24	15
6.	Gujarat	3	1	3	1	10	15	4	-	20	17
7.	Haryana	2	-	2	-	5	6	4	-	8	11
8.	Himachal Pradesh	1	-	-	-	1	-	-	-	1	1
9.	Jammu  & Kashmir	1	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	1	1
10.	Jharkhand	2	-	3	-	3	2	-	-	4	6
11.	Karnataka	3	1	2	1	6	5	4	-	10	12
12.	Kerala	1	2	2	3	3	7	10	-	13	15
13.	M.P	3	-	2	6	6	-	3	-	9	11
14.	Maharashtra	8	-	2	1	11	35	13	-	44	26
15.	North East	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
16.	Orissa	3	3	-	-	6	2	1	-	8	7
17.	Punjab	1	1	1	-	3	6	-	-	8	4
18.	Rajasthan	3	-	2	-	6	8	-	-	11	8
19.	Tamil Nadu	6	1	3	3	9	31	10	-	41	22
20.	Uttarakhand	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
21.	Uttar Pradesh	13	3	4	8	16	15	2	-	39	22
22.	West Bengal	6	-	4	-	6	33	14	3	42	24
	Total	75	21	35	31	117	193	87	7	327	239

 All Circle Secretaries and CHQ Office bearers are requested to confirm the above data within week to General Secretary to enable to submit the proposal at the earliest. The total number Postal and RMS Divisions headed by PS Gr. B officers should also be reported. Any suggestion that is workable will be given due weightage in the proposal being formulated at CHQ level.

Source : http://ipasporissa.blogspot.in/

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