Tuesday 8 October 2013

2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winners

2013 Nobel Prize in
  Physiology or Medicine Winners

The 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
jointly to

James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman
and Thomas C. Südhof

for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic,
a major transport system in our cells.



--> The discovery of a complex transport system within the human body that makes cells deliver life-saving proteins and molecules at the right place and in the right time - vital for our survival, has been awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize for Medicine andPhysiology.

--> Americans James Rothman (Yale), and Randy Schekman ( University of California) and German-born Thomas Sudhof ( Stanford University) have been awarded the world's top medicine prize for discovering the molecular principles that govern how this cargo is delivered.

Summary
The 2013 Nobel Prize honours three scientists who have solved the mystery of how the cell organizes its transport system. Each cell is a factory that produces and exports molecules. For instance, insulin is manufactured and released into the blood and chemical signals called neurotransmitters are sent from one nerve cell to another. These molecules are transported around the cell in small packages called vesicles. The three Nobel Laureates have discovered the molecular principles that govern how this cargo is delivered to the right place at the right time in the cell.

Randy Schekman discovered a set of genes that were required for vesicle traffic. James Rothman  unravelled protein machinery that allows vesicles to fuse with their targets to permit transfer of cargo. Thomas Südhof revealed how signals instruct vesicles to release their cargo with precision.

Through their discoveries, Rothman, Schekman and Südhof have revealed the exquisitely precise control system for the transport and delivery of cellular cargo. Disturbances in this system have deleterious effects and contribute to conditions such as neurological diseases, diabetes, and immunological disorders.

Courtesy : http://www.currentaffairs4examz.com

Arundhati Bhattacharya is new chief of State Bank of India (SBI)

Arundhati Bhattacharya is new chief of State Bank of India (SBI)


** Arundhati Bhattacharya Monday took over as the new chairperson of the State Bank of India (SBI).

** She is the first woman to be appointed to the top job at the country's largest lender.

**Prior to her elevation to the top job, 57-year-old Bhattacharya was managing director and chief financial officer of SBI.

** She succeeds Pratip Chaudhuri who retired Sep 30.

**"Arundhati Bhattacharya assumed charge as chairperson of State Bank of India on Oct 7, 2013," SBI said in a statement.

**Bhattacharya joined SBI as a probationary officer in 1977.

** During her 36-year tenure at the bank she has held a number of important positions, including those of deputy managing director and corporate development officer, chief general manager (Bangalore Circle) and chief general manager (New Businesses).

** She also headed SBI Capital Markets Ltd, a subsidiary of State Bank of India and had a stint in the BankA's New York office where she was in charge of monitoring branch performance, overseeing external audit and correspondent relations, SBI statement said.

**"She has also played a pivotal role in setting up three of the latest subsidiaries of the Bank viz. the General Insurance Subsidiary, the Custodial Subsidiary and the SBI Macquarie Infrastructure Fund," it said.

Courtesy : http://www.currentaffairs4examz.com

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Prepared by
C. Siva kabeer, PA
Gooty RS,
mail: gbakabr85@gmail.com